Write for each following Japanese word the reading in kana based on the vocabulary below and respecting the rules for using kanji :
We haven’t seen most of the kanji given in this exercise yet, but it costs nothing to learn them. Write the words in purely Japanese pronunciations in green and the words in Sino-Japanese pronunciations in purple.
Vocabulary :
夏 .
なつ .
カ, ガ, ゲ . the summer
冬 .
ふゆ .
トウ . the winter
秋 .
あき .
シュウ . the autumn
春 .
はる .
シュン . the spring
日 .
ひ .
ニチ, ジツ . the day, the sun
場 .
ば .
ジョウ, チョウ . the place; the period (speaking of a season)
空 .
そら .
クウ . the sky
休み .
やすみ .
キュウ . the rest, the vacation
虫 .
むし .
チュウ, キ . the insect
雨 .
あめ .
ウ . the rain
季 .
キ . the season
卵 .
たまご .
ラン . the egg
白 .
しろ .
ハク, ビャク . white
In the word 休み, the hiragana み is an okurigana. Remember, I told you about this briefly in the kanji introducing’s course.
Now write the following words and pay attention to the small indications in italics.
夏日 .
........... .
........... .
summer day
(this word can be pronounced in both pure Japanese and Sino-Japanese ; the purely Japanese pronunciation takes a dakuten)
夏場 .
........... .
summer period
(purely Japanese)
夏空 .
........... .
summer sky
(purely Japanese, dakuten)
夏休み .
........... .
summer vacation / summer holidays
(purely Japanese)
夏虫 .
........... .
summer insect
(purely Japanese)
冬日 .
........... .
winter day
(purely Japanese ; the purely Japanese pronunciation takes a dakuten)
冬場 .
........... .
winter period
(purely Japanese)
冬空 .
........... .
winter sky
(purely Japanese, dakuten)
冬休み .
........... .
winter vacation / winter holidays
(purely Japanese)
秋日 .
........... .
........... .
fall day
(this word can be pronounced in both pure Japanese and Sino-Japanese ; the purely Japanese pronunciation takes a dakuten)
秋場 .
........... .
fall period
(purely Japanese)
秋空 .
........... .
fall sky
(purely Japanese, dakuten)
秋休み .
........... .
fall vacation / autumn holidays
(purely Japanese)
春日 .
........... .
........... .
spring day
(this word can be pronounced in both pure Japanese and Sino-Japanese ; the purely Japanese pronunciation takes a dakuten)
春場 .
........... .
spring period
(purely Japanese)
春空 .
........... .
spring sky
(purely Japanese, dakuten)
春休み .
........... .
spring break / spring vacation / spring holidays
(purely Japanese)
夏季 .
........... .
summer (summer season)
(Sino-Japanese)
冬季 .
........... .
winter (winter season)
(Sino-Japanese)
秋季 .
........... .
autumn (fall season)
(Sino-Japanese)
春季 .
........... .
spring (spring season)
(Sino-Japanese)
雨季 .
........... .
the rainy season
(Sino-Japanese)
卵白 .
........... .
the egg white
(Sino-Japanese, handakuten)
Remember all these kanji with their purely and Sino-Japanese pronunciations. We will find them later.
Exercice 1